Bertrand Russell aur Russell’s Teapot: Burden of Proof ki Epistemology
Executive Briefing: The Celestial Teapot Analogy 1952 mein, Bertrand Russell ne yeh wazeh kiya tha ke kisi bhi aisi ma’awara-e-tabiyat (metaphysical) baat ko…
Religions
Buraai ka Masla: Epicurus, J.L. Mackie, aur Dysteleology ka Sabooti Wazan
Executive Briefing: Aik Na Qabil-e-Hal Ilmiyaat Paradox Philosopher J.L. Mackie ne burai ke logical masle ko pesh kiya: Khuda ki qadir-e-mutlaq hasti, Khuda …
Secular Humanism: John Dewey, Humanist Manifestos, aur Khuda ke baghair Akhlaqiyat
Executive Briefing: Sirf Achhai Ke Liye Achhai Secular humanism is baat ki yaahani karata hai ke ikhlaqiyat, insani waqar aur humdardi hamari mushtarka biyal…
Friedrich Nietzsche aur Khuda ki Maut: Nihilism ki Khaee aur Overman ka Challenge
Executive Briefing: Sab se Bara Cultural Event Jab The Gay Science (1882) mein Pagal (Madman) yeh elaan karta hai ke “Khuda mar chuka hai! Aur hum ne usey qa…
David Hume aur Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion: Argument from Design ki dhajjian udana
Executive Briefing: Philo’s Razor 1779 mein apni wafat ke baad shayan-e-ishaat honay walay, David Hume ke is shahkaar ne “design” ke teleological argument ko…
Thomas Huxley Aur Agnosticism Ki Istalah: Faisla Mutawiq Rakhnay Ki Ilmi Zimmedari
Executive Briefing: The Ethics of Belief 1869 mein, maahir-e-bayaatiyaat (biologist) Thomas Henry Huxley ne Agnosticism (La-adriat) ki istilaah ko kisi mazha…
Yasukuni Shrine aur State Shinto: Nationalism, Imperial Cult, aur Post-War Historical Memory
Executive Briefing: Yadashth Ka Siyasi Markaz 1869 mein jang mein marne walon ki yaad mein banaya gaya, Yasukuni Shrine 1945 se pehle ke State Shinto (*Kokka…
Mono no Aware: Fani Duniya ka Dukh aur Cherry Blossom ka Husn
Executive Briefing: Dil Ki Gehrai Se Nikli Ah 18veen sadi ke mahir-e-ilm Motoori Norinaga ki bayaan karda, Mono no Aware duniya ki fani aur arzi khoobsurati …
Teen Muqaddas Khazane: Aaina, Talwar, aur Shahi Iqtedar ka Heera
Executive Briefing: The Regalia of Japanese Monarchy Japan ke Shahi Taj aur Niamatain (Sanshu no Jingi)—Yata no Kagami (hikmat ka aaina), Kusanagi no Tsuru…
Matsuri: Muqaddas Tyoharon aur Uthaye Jane Walay Mandiron (Mikoshi) ka Jama’ati Jazba-e-Masti
Executive Briefing: Mohallay Ki Roohani Tazeed Ek Matsuri Shinto samaj ki zindagi ka jismani aur taw توانai (energetic) urooj hoti hai. Kami (devta) ko b…